LuminJS is a JavaScript library to progressively highlight any text on a page. Great for when you want users to pay attention to some important text.
jQuery.mark is a jQuery plugin to highlight text with diacritics, synonyms, custom elements, custom class names, separate word search (multiple terms), filter selectors, word boundary and iframe support. Compatible with DataTable.
Fokus uses JavaScript to emphasize anything you select by covering the rest of the page with semi-transparent black.
The library is lightweight around 3kb and works in most modern browsers except IE and touch devices.